How To Use Estimated Breeding Values

Abstract

Estimated breeding values describe the relative genetic value of each member in a breeding population. They can also be used as a basis for objectively choosing which animals are the best candidates to select for breeding to produce the next generation of offspring. Livestock and plant breeders have used estimated breeding value techniques for decades to obtain genetic improvement in their breeding lines, but guide dog breeders have generally not embraced these techniques. This paper introduces techniques for computing estimated breeding values, using an example from a behavior test score. A simple example is worked through to completion, and results from this example are used to illustrate how estimated breeding values can be used as the basis for making selection decisions that will genetically improve a population over several generations of selection. The techniques described herein can also adjust for or take into account the effects of non-genetic factors, such as age, contemporary groups, or sex, that often contribute to total variation observed in a population. Issues related to computing estimated breeding values on a regular basis are discussed along with some ideas about how members of the Original Group could work together more closely to share both genetic information and germplasm among schools.