Prevalence and Genetic Analysis of Spondylosis Deformans in the Italian Boxer Dog Population

Abstract

The dog is the non-human species for which the largest number of genetic disorders is known, and, to date, over 370 genetic diseases have been documented (Ostrander et al., 2000). Some skeletal diseases, namely hip and elbow dysplasia, have been investigated, and genetic parameters for such disorders have been reported (Maki et al., 2000 ; Lippanen et al., 2000). Conversely, genetic determinism of other diseases like spondylosis deformans has been less considered. Spondylosis deformans is a degenerative disease of the spine characterised by the presence of one or more osteophytes, showing different degrees of development, placed on the vertebral bodies (Hansen, 1952 ; Morgan, 1967). Severe spondylosis deformans causes stiffness in the back, lameness, change of gait and pain. Hence, reduction of incidence of spondylosis is advisable for increasing welfare and longevity of dogs.